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First EEG Recording of Human Brain Activity (1924) - German psychiatrist Hans Berger performed the first electroencephalogram (EEG) on a 17-year-old patient, recording electrical brain activity and launching a new era in neuroscience research.

First Documentation of Patient H.M.'s Memory Deficit (1957) - Neurosurgeon William Beecher Scoville and psychologist Brenda Milner documented the profound amnesia in patient Henry Molaison (H.M.) following bilateral temporal lobe surgery, a case that revolutionized understanding of memory formation.

First Description of "Memory Reconsolidation" (2000) - Researchers published groundbreaking evidence that memories become temporarily malleable when recalled, challenging the prevailing theory about memory storage and offering potential treatments for PTSD.